On December 12, 2023, the Norwegian Board of Technology (the Teknologirådet) published a report entitled 'Generative artificial intelligence and freedom of expression.' In particular, the Report establishes that the difference between traditional artificial intelligence (AI) and generative AI is the ability to create new content, and that generative AI can create content in a way similar to humans. The Report also acknowledges that generative AI services, based on large language models, are not neutral owing to biases in databases, human feedback during training, and barriers imposed during training.

Consequences of the use of generative AI

Specifically, the Report considers the consequences of the use of generative AI including an increased quality of creativity, an increased amount and quality of disinformation online such as deepfakes and doubles of real individuals, and the hyper-customization of digital content so that it may be personalized.

Solutions to the use of generative AI

However, the Report also addresses solutions to protecting the digital space of expression without destroying freedom of expression. These solutions include:

• developing solutions for verification;
• introducing watermarking requirements;
• holding companies responsible;
• strengthening understanding of digital sources;
• supporting editorial media; and
• influencing international norm development.

You can read the press release here and the Report here, both only available in Norwegian.